The three most common types of microphones are dynamic, condenser, and ribbon microphones. The microphone is the second part of this system, and is the device that can sometimes need to receive phantom power in order to work. There are also external phantom power supplies that can run off of batteries or AC power. Some large format mixers have a separate 48V button available for each channel individually, or bank of channels.
If you find this button aside from the inputs on a mixer, it will typically engage phantom power for all of the XLR channels at once. This will also activate a light confirming that phantom power is active. On the right side of the mixer, you’ve got a +48V PHANTOM button to engage phantom power. If you take a look at a standard mixer like the Samson MixPad MXP124FX, you’ll see that there are 4 XLR inputs. Don’t worry, it doesn’t induce any noise, and it generally won’t cause problems with microphones that don’t need it (at least not in this modern day). That’s right, the power is sent right along the same signal path that your audio is traveling down. Phantom power is typically 48 volts of DC power (but can range from 11–48 volts) that is carried over pins 2 and 3 of a standard XLR microphone cable. You don’t have a separate power supply just for the microphone.
The power is provided discreetly by, say, your mixer. Phantom power is so named because generally, you’re not using a separate power source for your microphone.
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